- The Keith Creek Corridor Study in Rockford outlines plans to restore 20 miles of creek and surrounding watershed which is currently subject to frequent flooding, poor water quality, and low public access. According to Lauren Kleve, an Environmental Planner for Region 1 Planning Council and main contact for the project: “The Keith Creek Corridor study recognizes the importance of bank stabilization efforts, prioritizing the portion of the creek near Churchill Park within the Keith Creek Neighborhood as it is located within a FEMA-identified floodplain. Stabilization efforts identified in the corridor study primarily include creek bed naturalization through removing the existing concrete channel, re-meandering the channel, planting native vegetation, and installing creekside riprap, which is a layer of large stones that protects soil from erosion in areas of high or concentrated flows. Current efforts of the Keith Creek Corridor study include identifying and applying for applicable grants to implement the study’s action items. Additionally, project partners have been working to acquire vacant and underutilized properties within the Keith Creek Corridor to repurpose them, mitigate flooding, and create a safe walkable community.” These green methods of creek naturalization and permeable greenspace acquisition will also slow the flow of the creek, enhance water quality, and add natural habitats.
FIELD NOTES BLOG
Shoring up the Shoreline
Sydney Sherbitsky
December 18, 2024
Shoreline Stabilization
Shoreline stabilization involves implementing features at the water’s edge to limit sediment erosion to protect the land from wave action and currents. This process is a form of bioengineering, applying engineering principles to solve biological challenges. Stabilization measures can be "gray" (hard structures) or "green" (nature-based solutions), which affect the coastline's vulnerability and resilience. This significantly impacts economic, social, and ecological shoreline security. Economically, the shoreline may support infrastructure, tourism, and fisheries. Socially, shorelines provide space for recreation and community connection. Ecologically, the shoreline provides specialized habitat, water filtration, and exchange of materials. Given these factors, choosing the right stabilization method is crucial. This decision must consider wave strength, storm surge, flood capacity, space constraints, and ecological goals based on the type of shoreline being protected.
Gray Methods
Gray methods involve hard, engineered structures that include breakwaters, groins, bulkheads, seawalls, and concrete channels. Hard structures reflect wave energy and are most effective in areas with high wave intensity or strong currents because they are best at quickly breaking up water energy. They are best used when the main goal is to keep sediments in place, space is limited, and there is valuable infrastructure close to the shoreline. However, gray methods have drawbacks. They offer little to no ecosystem benefits, provide no flood water storage capacity, reduce water circulation leading to degraded water quality, and may cause additional erosion in unprotected areas.
Green Methods
Green methods use natural solutions including vegetation, beach nourishment, or restored coastal habitat such as marshes, dunes, riparian zones, or oyster reefs. These methods are human engineered to mimic the physical, biologic, geologic, and chemical processes that already occur in nature. These techniques are most effective in areas with lower water energy the vegetation can withstand, as they absorb wave energy over a larger area. Due to its greater space and permeable components, natural stabilization features have a large flood water storage capacity and can slow down water flow. Natural features offer several ecological benefits including improved water quality and enhanced habitats for wildlife. They also provide long-term sustainability by maintaining the connection between water and land for sediment, water, and nutrient exchange. However, natural methods require more space, and are less effective in high energy environments. Additionally, most contract work and regulatory policy is centered around traditional hardened gray shorelines, not natural shorelines, which can make the process challenging.
Mixing Methods for Balanced Solutions
In many cases, a combination of gray and green methods may offer the best solution for shoreline stabilization. By blending hard structures with natural features, projects can balance wave energy reflection, flood water capacity, and ecological benefits. This hybrid approach can be tailored to the specific needs, resources, and security level of each shoreline. Some recent shoreline stabilization projects local to Northern Illinois have aimed to achieve that balance.
Local Projects
- The Illinois Beach State Park Shoreline Stabilization Project in Lake County was completed in September 2023. This project aimed to protect the last 2.2 miles of undeveloped natural shorelines along Lake Michigan in Illinois where it was previously eroding at a rate of 100 feet per year. The primary goal was to ensure the natural ecosystem of dunes, swales, marsh, and oak forest is preserved and protected for generations to come. The project involved the installation of offshore breakwater structures to decrease wave energy and slow sediment transport to reduce erosion. Habitat features, such as tern nests, limestone ledges, eco blocks, salvaged driftwood, and rock spurs, were also incorporated. This focus on habitat stabilization earned the project the Midwest’s first Waterfront Edge Design Guidelines Verification, which is a national rating system for resilient, ecological, and accessible waterfront projects. The combination of gray and green features ensures both environmental protection and public access to the beach.
- The Beverly Park Floodplain Reconnection is in the grant stage of The Illinois EPA Green Infrastructure Grant Opportunities Grant. The neighborhood of Beverly Park is economically disadvantaged and a flood prone community. This proposed project in Rockford’s Kent Creek watershed seeks to restore the floodplain by replacing the steep cracked concrete channel with a gentler, more permeable creek bed instead of repairing the channel. This naturalized area will increase flood water storage capacity, slow water flow, improve water quality, and restore riparian habitat with native vegetation. Beyond ecological benefits, this green methods project reduces flood risk as well as provides future green space and educational opportunities on stormwater pollution and naturalization benefits.
Takeaways
Severson Dells Nature Center is working on our own green method shoreline restoration at the former Elliot Golf Course. This project will bring the creek back to the surface in a process known as daylighting the creek. This project will improve water quality and reintroduce native plant species along the riverbanks to provide habitat and improve floodwater resilience. For more information on Elliot restoration check out our
Science of Rewilding blog post.
Shoreline stabilization is a critical tool for protecting coastlines for ecological health, community connection, and supporting local economies. Whether using gray hard structures or green natural methods, the goal is to enhance resilience and ensure long term sustainability. Local projects in Illinois demonstrate how blending both approaches can achieve a balanced, effective solution for shoreline protection.
Sources
HRGreen - Beavery Park Floodplain Reconnection
NOAA - Natural and Structural Measures for Shoreline Stabilization
Office of the Governor JB Pritzker Press Release - Gov. Pritzker Celebrates Ribbon Cutting at Illinois Beach State Park
Region 1 Planning Council, and The Lakota Group - Keith Creek Corridor Study
Severson Dells Field Notes Blog - The Science of Rewilding: Severson Dells Joins the Global Rewilding Alliance
RECENT ARTICLES
When I started at Severson Dells nearly two years ago, I never would have believed I’d still be here today. What was supposed to be a short detour turned into one of the meaningful positions I have served. These years have flown by, and as I sit down to write this farewell, I keep circling back to my early days here. It feels important to revisit that beginning, because in so many ways, it shaped everything that followed.
While my time at Severson Dells is coming to an end, my time and experience as a junior naturalist is just beginning. When I accepted this job position, I was a recent college graduate who was ready to get into the environmental work force but didn’t know where to start. Here I am, a year later, and I feel ready and excited to take on whatever comes my way. Last September, when I first started working here at Severson Dells, I didn’t know what to expect. I had never been an educator before and I was nervous about my skill-set, but I pleasantly surprised myself. I found myself enjoying teaching, and the goofy experiences and questions that came with it. When I started here, my biggest goal for myself was to become better informed about the ecology of Rockford, and being more aware and able to identify what’s growing around me. A year later, I am proud of myself and how much I have learned. Because of my schooling background being in geology, I already had a familiarity with looking at the outside world in a different lens. I know how to look at the geology and the basic layout of an area to understand the depositional environment, or what the land most likely looked like back in the day. However, being at Severson Dells for the past year has shown me how to appreciate nature and the outdoors in a new way, in a biological sense. I now know how to look at the ecology of an area and see how the plants are working together, and how this compliments what the birds and the bugs are doing, and how the trees play a role too, and this cycle keeps going. I knew forests were interconnected, but I feel like I truly get it now. It’s helped me to connect the pieces of nature that I wasn’t aware of before, and put them all together now to see a new, bigger picture. Severson Dells is a place I will always hold dearly to me. The experiences I had, the challenges I overcame while being here, and the personal growth I’ve been able to experience: all of this helps shape my love for this lovely forest preserve here in Northern Illinois. I want to be sure to express my appreciation for the staff here at Severson Dells Nature Center, and the kindness they always treat everyone with. The people here are always so willing to help me with learning new skills, diving into intimidating science topics, and trying to help foster that curiosity that everyone has inside of them. As I close this chapter, I feel inspired and grateful for the connections I’ve made, and ready for what the future has in store for me.
I’m sitting at my desk listening to the distant chatter of kids outside and the excited murmuring of my coworkers. I am surrounded by tokens of memories - a sticker from the rot museum and a walnut shell owl I made with campers. On my computer screen, a half edited video about the Grove. In my desk drawer, a stack of lesson plans I once felt nervous to teach, but I now know by heart. Next is the bigfoot code from the cryptid hike, handwritten notes from my coworkers, and the spot where my notebook lives. This notebook has been with me from the start of this position and is full of the many things I have learned at Severson Dells. As my time here comes to a close, I flip back through the pages and reflect on what the past year has taught me…
